Internet Security Terms & Definitions

HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol. This is the set of rules or protocols for exchanging files (test, graphic, images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web.

Hacker - A person who breaks into systems for which he or she has no authorization, or who is dedicated to finding security holes in software and hardware. Hackers penetrate information systems to browse, steal, or modify data; deny access or service to others; or cause damage or harm in some other way. In may ways, hackers are the most brilliant and talented computer experts.

Hacker Toolbox - A collection of hacker tools, usually software, used by hackers to break into computer systems.

Hard Drive - The computer’s main data storage device. Stores and provides access to large amounts of information. The operating system and other application programs are stored on the hard drive as well as all documents, pictures, music, etc.

Heuristic Analysis - Heuristic analysis is a method whereby the scanning software traces through programs and executables looking for suspicious virus-like behavior. This type of analysis looks for “unknown” viruses and threats. If a suspicious program appears to perform virus-like actions, a warning is usually displayed in security programs like anti-virus systems.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act - (HIPAA) Under HIPAA, all organizations that record, maintain, or transmit personal health information are required to ensure that all patient information is kept confidential, secure, and readily available. HIPAA requires that patient medical records and other protected health information be kept private and confidential. It applies to all types of healthcare related organizations such as doctors, clinics, dentists, psychologists, chiropractors, nursing homes, pharmacies, and more. Also includes health insurance companies and businesses that support healthcare organizations - such as online backup providers, billing agencies and organizations that support Internet based health services.

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Internet Security Terms & Definitions

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Hit - A hit is a single file request in the access log of a web server. Web servers are “hit” with a request when a web surfer tries to view a web page. Every computer connected to the Internet is constantly “hit” with requests to talk to it or send data to it. Some desktop firewalls can track the “hits” against the computer by stopping every attempted communication and recording the IP address of the requesting computer.

Hoax Virus - A hoax virus is a false warning about a computer virus that is willingly spread by computer users. Typically, the warning arrives in an e-mail note or is distributed to others to “help” them out. Even though there is no real “payload” in the hoax virus, it is still damaging because of the wasted time and effort taken to warn others and try to defend against it.

Honeypot - A decoy server set up either inside or outside a firewall to lure and trick an intruder. It is designed to make hackers or crackers think they are on a live, working computer system. It is used to catch and stop an intruder or detect and track intruder techniques and test system vulnerability.

Host - A computer that is infected with a virus or worm. The virus replicates itself from its “host” computer. Hackers may also call a victim’s computer they control or “own,” a host.

Hub - A hardware device that reamplifies a data signal and directs it to other devices on a network. Often used to connect computers together on a network. Many hubs are Ethernet based hubs. See Ethernet.